feat: add StudentShort class with immutable fields and constructors

- Created StudentShort class with fields: ID, surname initials, git, and contact, which cannot be modified directly.
- Implemented two constructors:
  1. One that accepts a Student object to initialize fields.
  2. Another that accepts ID and a string containing surname initials, git, and contact information.
- Updated main.rb to test both constructors of StudentShort, ensuring proper field initialization and immutability.

lab2/main.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 require_relative 'student'
+require_relative 'student_short'
 
 begin
-    student_string = "Норакет Норакет Норакет | ID: 2 | Phone: +1234567890 | Telegram: @nora | Email: nora@example.com | Git: https://github.com/nora"
+    student_string = "Норакет Норакет Норакет | ID: 2 | Phone: +1234567890 | Telegram: @noracat | Email: nora@example.com | Git: https://github.com/nora"
     student_from_string = Student.from_string(student_string)
     puts "Создан объект из строки:\n#{student_from_string}"
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ begin
         name: 'Артем-Дариус',
         patronymic: 'Вебер',
         id: 1,
-        git: 'https://git.djft.ru'
+        git: 'https://github.com/space-creator'
     )
 
     student1.set_contacts(
@@ -38,6 +39,21 @@ begin
     puts student1
     puts '-' * 40
     puts student2
+
+
+    student_short_from_student = StudentShort.new(student1)
+    puts "StudentShort from Student object:"
+    puts "ID: #{student_short_from_student.id}"
+    puts "Surname and Initials: #{student_short_from_student.surname_initials}"
+    puts "Git: #{student_short_from_student.git}"
+    puts "Contact: #{student_short_from_student.contact}"
+
+    student_short_from_string = StudentShort.from_string(5, 'Skye A.A., Git: https://github.com/skye, Contact: Phone: +4923467890')
+    puts "StudentShort from string:"
+    puts "ID: #{student_short_from_string.id}"
+    puts "Surname and Initials: #{student_short_from_string.surname_initials}"
+    puts "Git: #{student_short_from_string.git}"
+    puts "Contact: #{student_short_from_string.contact}"
 rescue ArgumentError => e
   puts "Ошибка: #{e.message}"
 end

lab2/student_short.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+class StudentShort
+    attr_reader :id, :surname_initials, :git, :contact
+  
+    def initialize(student)
+      @id = student.id
+      @surname_initials = student.surname_and_initials
+      @git = student.git_info
+      @contact = student.contact_info
+    end
+  
+    def self.from_string(id, info_string)
+      parts = info_string.split(', ').map(&:strip)
+      surname_initials = parts[0]
+      git = parts[1].split(': ').last
+      contact = parts[2].split(': ').last
+  
+      new_instance = allocate
+      new_instance.send(:initialize_from_data, id, surname_initials, git, contact)
+      new_instance
+    end
+  
+    private
+  
+    def initialize_from_data(id, surname_initials, git, contact)
+      @id = id
+      @surname_initials = surname_initials
+      @git = git
+      @contact = contact
+    end
+end