feat: add constructor for Student class to parse object from string representation

- Updated `to_s` method to standardize string representation of Student object.
- Added `from_string` constructor that parses a formatted string and initializes the object with parsed data.
- Modified `set_contacts` to ensure contacts are only set via the defined method.
- Added validation for Git presence and contact details presence, ensuring data integrity.
- Updated tests in main.rb to validate the new constructor and string parsing logic.

lab2/main.rb

@@ -1,33 +1,38 @@
 require_relative 'student'
 
 begin
-  student1 = Student.new(
-    surname: 'Алексеевич',
-    name: 'Артем-Дариус',
-    patronymic: 'Вебер',
-    id: 1,
-    git: 'https://git.djft.ru'
-  )
+    student_string = "Норакет Норакет Норакет | ID: 2 | Phone: +1234567890 | Telegram: @nora | Email: nora@example.com | Git: https://github.com/nora"
+    student_from_string = Student.from_string(student_string)
+    puts "Создан объект из строки:\n#{student_from_string}"
 
-  student1.set_contacts(
-    phone: '+79891242223',
-    telegram: '@alstroemeria22',
-    email: 'no-replay@djft.ru'
-  )
 
-  student2 = Student.new(
-    surname: 'Норакет',
-    name: 'Норакет',
-    patronymic: 'Фамилия'
-  )
+    student1 = Student.new(
+        surname: 'Алексеевич',
+        name: 'Артем-Дариус',
+        patronymic: 'Вебер',
+        id: 1,
+        git: 'https://git.djft.ru'
+    )
 
-  student2.set_contacts(
-    phone: '+70000000000'
-  )
+    student1.set_contacts(
+        phone: '+79891242223',
+        telegram: '@alstroemeria22',
+        email: 'no-replay@djft.ru'
+    )
 
-  puts student1
-  puts '-' * 40
-  puts student2
+    student2 = Student.new(
+        surname: 'Норакет',
+        name: 'Норакет',
+        patronymic: 'Фамилия'
+    )
+
+    student2.set_contacts(
+        phone: '+70000000000'
+    )
+
+    puts student1
+    puts '-' * 40
+    puts student2
 rescue ArgumentError => e
   puts "Ошибка: #{e.message}"
 end

lab2/student.rb

@@ -45,6 +45,27 @@ class Student
       validate
     end
 
+    def self.from_string(student_string)
+        parts = student_string.split('|').map(&:strip)
+        surname, name, patronymic = parts[0].split(' ')
+        id = parts[1].split(': ').last.to_i
+        phone = parts[2].split(': ').last
+        telegram = parts[3].split(': ').last
+        email = parts[4].split(': ').last
+        git = parts[5].split(': ').last
+    
+        new(
+          surname: surname,
+          name: name,
+          patronymic: patronymic,
+          id: id,
+          phone: phone,
+          telegram: telegram,
+          email: email,
+          git: git
+        )
+    end
+  
     def set_contacts(phone: nil, telegram: nil, email: nil)
       @phone = phone
       raise ArgumentError, "Invalid phone number format: #{@phone}" if @phone && !Student.valid_phone_number?(@phone)
@@ -70,13 +91,10 @@ class Student
     end
   
     def to_s
-      "Student: #{@surname} #{@name} #{@patronymic}\n" \
-      "ID: #{@id || 'N/A'}\n" \
-      "Phone: #{@phone || 'N/A'}\n" \
-      "Telegram: #{@telegram || 'N/A'}\n" \
-      "Email: #{@email || 'N/A'}\n" \
-      "Git: #{@git || 'N/A'}"
-    end
+        "#{@surname} #{@name} #{@patronymic} | ID: #{@id || 'N/A'} | " \
+        "Phone: #{@phone || 'N/A'} | Telegram: #{@telegram || 'N/A'} | " \
+        "Email: #{@email || 'N/A'} | Git: #{@git || 'N/A'}"
+      end
   
     private